#所有的AT指令都在串口助手中发送个esp8266-01s完成过测试，都是可以用的。
#可以完成初始化，但无法完成发送数据的功能
ESP8266.py：
import pyb
from pyb import UART
import time

class ESP8266MQTT:
def init(self, uart_port=3, baudrate=115200):
self.uart = UART(uart_port, baudrate)
self.last_send_time = 0

def clear_uart_buffer(self):
    """清空串口接收缓冲区"""
    while self.uart.any():
        self.uart.read()

def send_at_command(self, command, expected="OK", timeout=10000):  # 增加超时时间到10秒
    """
    发送AT指令并检查响应
    :param command: AT指令字符串
    :param expected: 期望的响应关键字
    :param timeout: 超时时间(毫秒)
    :return: True表示成功，False表示失败
    """
    self.uart.write(command + "\r\n")
    start_time = pyb.millis()
    response = b""  # 使用字节类型存储响应

    while pyb.elapsed_millis(start_time) < timeout:
        if self.uart.any():
            # 读取所有可用数据
            data = self.uart.read(self.uart.any())
            if data:
                response += data
                # 打印原始字节数据（调试用）
                print("Raw response:", data)

                # 尝试解码为字符串
                try:
                    decoded_str = data.decode('utf-8', errors='ignore').strip()
                    if decoded_str:
                        print("<-", decoded_str)

                        # 检查期望响应
                        if expected in decoded_str:
                            return True
                        if "ERROR" in decoded_str or "FAIL" in decoded_str:
                            return False
                except:
                    # 即使解码失败，也检查字节序列中是否包含期望响应
                    if expected.encode('utf-8') in data:
                        return True
                    if b"ERROR" in data or b"FAIL" in data:
                        return False
        pyb.delay(100)  # 增加延迟减少CPU占用

    # 最终检查整个响应
    try:
        full_response = response.decode('utf-8', errors='ignore')
        if expected in full_response:
            return True
    except:
        pass

    print("Timeout waiting for response")
    return False

def init_esp8266(self):
    """初始化ESP8266模块"""
    print("Initializing ESP8266...")
    self.clear_uart_buffer()

    # 增加复位后的延迟
    print("Sending reset command...")
    self.uart.write("AT+RST\r\n")
    pyb.delay(5000)  # 等待5秒让模块重启

    # 清空启动过程中的输出
    self.clear_uart_buffer()
    pyb.delay(1000)

    # 使用元组存储指令配置
    commands = [
        ("ATE0", "OK", 2000),  # 禁用回显
        ("AT+CWMODE=1", "OK", 3000),
        ("AT+CWDHCP=1,1", "OK", 3000),
        ('AT+CWJAP="xuhan","12345678"', "GOT IP", 10000),  # 连接WiFi需要更长时间
        (
            'AT+MQTTUSERCFG=0,1,"ESP8266","jX4NF30ETx",'
            '"version=2018-10-31&res=products%2FjX4NF30ETx%2Fdevices%2FESP8266'
            '&et=1956499200&method=sha1&sign=fRnCjL7FCoaoXPCY51aQU%2Fho95E%3D",0,0,""',
            "OK", 5000
        ),
        ('AT+MQTTCONN=0,"mqtts.heclouds.com",1883,1', "MQTTCONNECTED", 10000),
        ('AT+MQTTSUB=0,"$sys/jX4NF30ETx/ESP8266/thing/property/post/reply",1', "OK", 3000),
        ('AT+MQTTSUB=0,"$sys/jX4NF30ETx/ESP8266/thing/property/set",1', "OK", 3000)
    ]

    for cmd, expected, tmo in commands:
        print("->", cmd)
        if not self.send_at_command(cmd, expected, tmo):
            print(f"Failed: {cmd}")
            return False
        pyb.delay(500)  # 增加指令间延迟

    print("ESP8266 initialized successfully")
    return True

def send_data(self, empty_space, occupied_space, plate_number, province_number):
    """发送数据到MQTT服务器"""
    # 使用三重引号字符串和显式格式化，避免转义问题
    command_template = (
        'AT+MQTTPUB=0,"$sys/jX4NF30ETx/ESP8266/thing/property/post",'
        '"{{\\"id\\":\\"123\\",\\"params\\":{{\\"{key}\\":{{\\"value\\":{value}}}}}}",0,0'
    )

    commands = [
        command_template.format(
            key="DetectEmptySpace",
            value=empty_space
        ),
        command_template.format(
            key="DetectOccupiedSpace",
            value=occupied_space
        ),
        command_template.format(
            key="CarPlateNumber",
            value='\\"{}\\"'.format(plate_number)  # 字符串值需要额外转义
        ),
        command_template.format(
            key="ProvinceNumber",
            value=province_number
        )
    ]

    for cmd in commands:
        print("->", cmd)
        if not self.send_at_command(cmd, "OK", 5000):
            print("Data send failed")
            return False
        pyb.delay(500)  # 增加指令间延迟

    return True

main.py:
import pyb
import time
from ESP8266 import ESP8266MQTT

创建ESP8266MQTT实例

esp = ESP8266MQTT(uart_port=3, baudrate=115200)

初始化ESP8266

init_success = False
for i in range(3): # 最多尝试3次
if esp.init_esp8266():
print("ESP8266 initialized successfully")
init_success = True
break
else:
print(f"Initialization attempt {i+1} failed")
pyb.delay(3000) # 等待3秒再重试

if not init_success:
print("ESP8266 initialization failed after 3 attempts")
# 这里可以添加错误处理，如重启设备或进入安全模式

创建定时器（4秒周期）

使用整数参数避免类型错误

tim = pyb.Timer(4, prescaler=7999, period=19999) # 4秒周期: (7999+1)*(19999+1)/80,000,000 ≈ 4秒

定时器中断处理函数

def send_data_callback(timer):
try:
print("\nSending sensor data...")

    # 使用固定值测试
    empty_space = 1
    occupied_space = 2
    plate_number = "BZ111"
    province_number = 6

    # 发送数据
    if esp.send_data(empty_space, occupied_space, plate_number, province_number):
        print("Data sent successfully")
    else:
        print("Data send failed")

except Exception as e:
    print("Error in send_data_callback:", e)

注册定时器回调

tim.callback(send_data_callback)

主循环

print("Entering main loop...")
while True:
pyb.delay(1000)